*nia 


[BRARY 


THE  UNIVERSITY 


OF  CAI  [FORNIA 


LOS  ANGELES 


//.  /f/f 


LOUIS   R.  EHRICH 

1849-191 1 


ONE    HUNDRED    EARLY 

American  ^Pain  tings 

I 


Published  by 

THE   EHRICH   GALLERIES 

NEW  YORK 

1918 


107 


1  o  the  memory  of  our  father,  J^ouis  7^.  Ehrich, 

Yale,  1869,  founder  of  T/ie  £hrich  (galleries,  our 

inspiration  and  guide,  and  one  of  the  first  to  seri- 

ously interest  himself  in  Carly  American  'Paintings, 

we  dedicate  this  volume. 


7206S2 


Introduction 

W  E  are  publishing  this  book  of  One  Hundred  Early 
American  Paintings,  which  have  at  various  times  been 
in  our  possession,  as  a  contribution  to  the  critical  study 
of  American  Colonial  painting. 

The  Ehrich  Galleries  was  founded  with  the  intention 
of  dealing  exclusively  in  paintings  by  masters  of  the 
Continental  Schools  who  flourished  before  1800.  We 
soon  realized  that  among  the  Early  American  painters 
of  this  period  there  were  some  who  measured  up  to  the 
best  of  their  European  contemporaries.  Desirous  of 
stimulating  an  interest  in  them,  we  held  our  first  exhi- 
bition of  Early  American  Portraits  in  1905.  Since  that 
time  there  has  been  a  gradual  increase  in  the  apprecia- 
tion of  the  works  of  these  artists  and  today  their  paint- 
ings are  in  demand  not  only  by  the  museums  but  by 
many  private  collectors.  We  believe  that  the  collecting 
of  such  paintings  by  museums  has  but  just  begun  and 
we  hope  that  this  book  will  encourage  them  to  form 
chronological  collections. 

Many  of  the  more  important  examples  of  Early 
American  paintings  which  have  at  various  times  been 
in  our  possession  are  illustrated  in  this  book.  Most  of 
the  names  will  be  familiar  to  any  student  of  American 
art  but  there  are  some  that  we  believe  are  practically 
unknown.  Few  comprehensive  books  have  been  pub- 
lished about  these  painters  and  it  is  often  difficult  to 
ascertain  the  dates  of  their  birth  and  death.  This  has 
induced  us  to  include  a  list  of  artists  who  flourished 


from  the  middle  of  the  i8th  to  the  middle  of  the  igth 
century,  with  their  dates  when  determinable. 

If  through  this  booklet  the  interest  in  Early  Ameri- 
can painters  is  increased  but  a  little,  our  labor  will  not 
have  been  in  vain. 

H.  L.  and  W.  L.  EHRICH. 


ONE  HUNDRED  EARLY  AMERICAN  PAINTINGS 


Francis  Alexander 

L>ORN  in  Connecticut  in  1800,  presumed  to  have  died 
in  Italy  in  1880.  He  began  painting  in  water-color  at  the 
age  of  eighteen  and  in  1818  he  went  to  New  York  and 
studied  under  Alexander  Robertson.  Later  he  went  to 
Providence  where  he  worked  for  a  few  months  before  open- 
ing a  studio  in  Boston.  In  the  latter  city  he  had  a  great 
many  sitters,  the  most  famous  being  Daniel  Webster,  of 
whom  he  painted  several  excellent  portraits.  In  1831  he 
visited  Europe,  finally  settling  in  Florence  where  he  re- 
mained until  his  death. 


Francis 


BENJAMIN   R.  CURTIS,  ESQ. 
On  canvas:  33%  *  26  inches 


Szra 

/\N  American  portrait  painter  of  the  late  i8th  and 
early  I9th  Centuries.  Little  is  known  of  his  life  excepting 
that  he  commenced  work  as  a  coach-painter  in  Albany. 
Later  he  turned  his  attention  to  portrait  painting  and  gained 
recognition  in  1812  by  exhibiting  a  portrait  of  Governor 
George  Clinton  at  the  Pennsylvania  Academy.  For  many 
years  after  this  he  practiced  his  art  in  Albany  and  Western 
New  York,  painting  most  of  the  New  York  legislators. 


GOVERNOR  GEORGE  CLINTON.   Bom  in  Little  Britain,  Uls- 
ter Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  26,  /7jp;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  20, 1812 
On  canvas:  51  x  41  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


Joseph  Alexan 

IJoRx  in  Roxbury,  N.  H.,  in  1816;  died  in  New  York 
City,  October,  1872.  A  pupil  of  Washington  AUston. 
Though  painting  landscapes  and  genre  pictures,  he  devoted 
his  talents  principally  to  portraits.  In  1848  he  went  to 
Rome,  where  he  painted  a  life-size  portrait  of  Pope  Pius 
IX.  On  his  return  to  this  country,  Ames  lived  in  Boston 
but  later  worked  in  Baltimore,  finally  settling  in  New 
York,  where  he  was  elected  an  associate  member  of  the 
National  Academy  of  Design. 


Joseph  Alexan 


DANIEL  WEBSTER.    Born  January  8,  1782;  died  October  24,  1852. 

Statesman  and  orator 

On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 

In  a  private  collection 


GEORGE  SOUTHWARD,  ESQ.  Pupil  of  Thomas  Sully 

Signed 

On  panel:  30%  x  24%  inches 


Henry  ^Benbrhlge 

IJoRx  in  Philadelphia,  May  20,  1744;  died  February, 
1812.  He  must  have  gone  to  Italy  before  1768,  where  he 
studied  with  Battoni  and  Raphael  Mengs,  for  in  that  year 
he  journeyed  to  Corsica  where  he  painted  a  whole  length 
portrait  of  General  Paoli  which  he  exhibited  at  the  Free 
Society  of  Artists  in  London  in  1769.  A  year  later  he  ex- 
hibited two  paintings  at  the  Royal  Academy  Exhibition, 
one  of  them  being  a  portrait  of  Benjamin  Franklin.  In 
1774  he  returned  to  America  and  settled  in  South  Carolina 
where  he  painted  many  portraits.  In  1799  Thomas  Sully 
met  Benbridge  in  Norfolk,Va.  Benbridge  persuaded  Sully 
to  attempt  oil  painting,  and  gave  him  considerable  in- 
struction. Dunlap  speaks  of  Benbridge's  returning  to 
Philadelphia,  after  having  spent  many  years  painting 
successfully  in  the  Carolinas  and  Virginia,  to  die  in  obscu- 
rity and  poverty. 


16 


Henry  "Benbridge 


PORTRAIT  OF  A  MAN 

On  canvas:  JO  x  25  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


yonathan  ®.  ^Blackburn 

JJORN  in  Connecticut  about  1700,  died  after  1765. 
He  came  to  Boston  in  1750  and  worked  there  about  fifteen 
years,  hence  nearly  contemporary  with  John  Smibert.  He 
also  executed  several  notable  portraits  in  Portsmouth,  N. 
H.,  and  other  New  England  towns.  In  writing  of  Black- 
burn, Tuckerman  states  that  the  "grace  of  his  female 
heads  and  the  beauty  of  the  hands  are  remarkable."  It 
is  said  that  Copley  was  a  pupil  or  imitator  of  Blackburn; 
there  is  certainly  a  great  similarity  between  Blackburn's 
portraits  and  the  earlier  works  of  Copley.  Practically 
nothing  else  is  known  of  Blackburn's  life.  His  pictures  are 
just  beginning  to  be  valued  for  their  intrinsic  and  historical 
worth. 


18 


yonathan  3.  Blackburn 


COLONEL  THEODORE  ATKINSON.   Born  1697;  died  1779. 
Graduated  from  Harvard  in  1718.  Colonel  of  the  nt  New  Hampshire  Regi- 
ment and  saw  active  service  against  the  French  and  Indians.   The  richest  man 
in  New  Hampshire.  Was  collector  of  Customs ,  Naval  Officer,  Sheriff  and  Sec- 
retary of  the  Province,  delegate  to  the  Congress  at  Albany  and  Chief  Justice. 
Married  daughter  of  ist  Governor  Wentworth,  Had  one  son,  Theodore  Jr. 
From  direct  descendants 
Signed  and  dated  1760 
On  canvas:  50  x  40  inches 
In  the  Worcester  Art  Museum 

19 


"Brown 


1 


HE  exact  date  of  Mather  Brown's  birth  is  unknown, 
but  Dunlap  says  he  must  have  been  born  in  Massachusetts 
about  1763.  He  died  in  London  on  January  I,  1831.  Just 
before  the  Revolution,  his  father,  who  was  a  Royalist,  is 
supposed  to  have  taken  him  to  London.  Brown  received 
some  instruction  under  West  and  is  said  to  have  been  a  play- 
mate of  the  sons  of  both  West  and  Copley.  He  was  never 
a  great  painter,  but  he  executed  some  very  acceptable  por- 
traits and  figure  pieces.  He  was  appointed  portrait  painter 
to  his  Royal  Highness,  the  Duke  of  York,  and  was  patron- 
ized by  King  George  III,  Queen  Charlotte,  as  well  as  the 
Prince  of  Wales.  Some  of  his  portraits  were  painted  very 
much  in  the  manner  of  West,  whereas  others  resemble 
Gilbert  Stuart  so  much  that  they  have  been  at  times  at- 
tributed to  the  greater  master.  Brown  has  been  called  an 
English  painter,  but  due  to  his  birth  in  the  United  States 
of  American  parentage,  he  should  really  be  classed  among 
painters  of  the  American  School,  especially  as  he  studied 
under  and  followed  the  tradition  of  his  more  famous 
American  contemporaries  who  were  in  London. 


20 


GEORGE   III.,   KING  OF  ENGLAND.    Born  June  4,  /,-  iS;  died 
"January  29,  1820 
Signed  and  dated  i~yo 
On  canvas:  99  x  ~2  inches 


:i 


"Brown 


PORTRAIT  OF  A  MAN 
Signed  "M.  Brown" 
On  canvas:  JO  x  25  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


^Dennis  ^Calone  (Barter 


in  Cork  County,  Ireland,  October  24,  1827, 
died  in  New  York  City,  July  7,  1881.  He  accompanied 
his  parents  to  America  in  1839.  His  first  work  was  paint- 
ing portraits  and  he  traveled  much  through  the  country  in 
the  pursuit  of  his  profession.  He  later  settled  in  New  York 
City  and  painted  historical  pictures.  He  was  one  of  the 
original  members  of  the  Artists'  Fund  Society,  founded  in 
1859. 


'Dennis  ^Calone  farter 


"WASHINGTON'S  RECEPTION"  to  Alexander  Hamilton  after 
his  marriage  to  the  daughter  of  General  Schuyler 
On  canvas:  24  x  37  inches 


John  Singleton  C0 

DORN  in  Boston,  Mass.,  July  3,  1737,  died  in  London, 
September  9th,  1815.  His  first  instruction  was  probably 
received  from  his  step-father,  Peter  Pelham,  painter  and 
engraver.  He  also  is  supposed  to  have  studied  for  a  short 
time  with  Jonathan  Blackburn.  He  very  early  evinced 
considerable  talent  but  it  was  impossible  to  get  adequate 
instruction  in  Boston.  In  1760  he  sent  a  painting  to  Ben- 
jamin West  in  England,  which  received  such  favorable 
criticism  that  in  1767  Copley  was  elected  a  Fellow  of  the 
Society  of  Artists  of  Great  Britain.  In  1769  he  married 
Susannah  Clarke.  He  lived  in  Boston  the  first  years  of 
his  married  life,  painting  portraits,  but  finally,  in  1774, 
sailed  for  England  by  way  of  Italy,  where  he  spent  a  year 
before  settling  down  in  London.  Later  his  wife  and  family 
joined  him  and  made  London  their  permanent  home.  Cop- 
ley was  patronized  by  royalty  and  met  with  uninterrupted 
success  until  his  death.  In  1777  he  was  elected  an  Associate 
and  in  1779  a  full  member  of  the  Royal  Academy.  There 
has  been  a  good  deal  of  uncertainty  about  the  pictures 
painted  by  Copley  in  America  and  a  good  many  portraits 
have  been  assigned  to  his  brush,  which  are  no  doubt  by 
other  painters.  To  mention  only  a  few  of  those  who  have 
been  confused  with  Copley,  there  is  Henry  Benbridge, 
Jeremiah  Theus,  and  the  recently  discovered  John  Woolas- 
ton. 


> 
26 


John  Singleton 


BARON  NEWHAVEN  of  Carrie k  Mayne.  The  Right  Honorable  Sir 
Henry  Mayne,  Bt.  of  Carrick  Mayne,  County  Dublin,  teas  born  in  1722; 
died  in  1794.  From  1760  to  1764  he  was  a  Member  of  Parliament  for  Carys- 
fort  and  in  1766  was  made  Privy  Counsellor.  Ten  years  later  he  was  created 
Baron  Newhaven  of  Carrick  Mayne 
On  canvas:  36  x  28  inches 


John  Singleton 


MRS.  MARGARET  STAMMER  S  HE  ARE  R,  and  her  little  daugh- 
ter, afterwards  Mrs.  Charles  Wat  ten.   Wife  of  Dr.  Alexander  Shearer 
From  descendants 
On  canvas:  39Y*  x  jo  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


John  Singleton  C° 


DR.  ALEXANDER  SHEARER 

From  direct  descendants 

On  canvas:  39^2  x  JO  inches 

In  a  private  collection 


29 


"Daniel  ^Dickinson 

OORN  in  Litchfield  County,  Connecticut,  in  1795.  In 
a  letter  written  to  Dunlap  he  speaks  of  never  having  taken 
any  lessons  and  having  studied  principally  from  "drawing 
and  other  books."  He  commenced  painting  miniatures, 
adopting  a  style  influenced  by  his  brother,  Anson  Dick- 
inson, Malbone  and  Joseph  Wood.  Although  employed 
mainly  in  painting  miniatures,  he  spent  his  leisure  time  in 
painting  fancy  pictures,  illustrating  "female  beauty  and 
grace."  It  was  not  until  1830  that  he  commenced  to  study 
and  paint  in  oils.  At  that  period  he  was  in  Philadelphia 
and  remained  there  most  of  his  later  years. 


TDaniel  'Dickinson 


PORTRAIT  OF  A  GIRL 

Signed 

On  canvas:  20  x  16  inches 


W^illiam 

JjORN  in  Perth  Amboy,  N.  J.,  February  19,  1766, 
died  in  New  York  City,  September  28,  1839.  At  an  early 
age  he  began  painting  portraits  and  was  fortunate  in  hav- 
ing a  sitting  from  General  Washington  in  1783.  The  result 
was  naturally  not  very  noteworthy,  but  it  encouraged 
Dunlap,  and  shortly  afterwards  his  father  was  persuaded 
to  send  him  to  London,  where  he  studied  under  West. 
Dunlap,  being  rather  lazy,  is  supposed  to  have  wasted  his 
time  while  abroad,  so  that  his  father  finally  demanded  his 
return  to  America  where  he  entered  into  business.  He  then 
spent  a  long  life  in  alternately  painting  portraits,  managing 
a  theatre,  and  writing  books.  His  place  in  American  Art  is 
really  due  to  the  publication  of  his  "History  of  the  Arts 
of  Design  in  the  United  States."  This  book  is  most  useful 
to  any  student  of  Early  American  Art,  and  Dunlap  has 
been  well  called,  "the  American  Vasari."  He  helped  found 
the  American  Academy  of  Fine  Arts  in  1826  which  was  the 
forerunner  of  the  National  Academy  of  Design.  He  wrote 
and  produced  a  number  of  plays  and  exerted  a  great  in- 
fluence on  the  early  American  stage. 


William  T)unlap 


PORTRAIT  OF  A  LADY 
On  canvas:  JO  x  2$  inches 
In  the  Worcester  Art  Museum 


33 


William  *Dunlap 


SCENE  representing  an  Episode  from  the  Dramatization  of  "The  Spy" 
by  "James  Fenimore  Cooper.  Dramatic  Personae:  Frances  and  Sarah  Whar- 
ton,  Caesar  (the  negro)  Harry  Wharton,  Capt.  Lawton,  Katey  Haynes  and 
Mr.  Wharton,  Sr.  The  original  cast  was  represented  as  follows:  Ellen 
Augusta  Johnson  (afterwards  Mrs.  Ellen  Hi/son)  Miss  Jones,  Jacob  Wood- 
hull  or  Hull,  John  Kent  and  Mrs.  Batter  shy.  It  is  believed  the  artist's  father 
played  the  part  of  Mr.  Wharton 
Signed  1823 
On  canvas:  27  x  22  inches 

35 


'Durand 

IJORN  in  Jefferson,  N.  J.,  August  21,  1796,  died  in 
South  Orange,  N.  J.,  August  17,  1886.  His  first  instruction 
in  art  was  in  the  workshop  of  his  father,  a  jeweler,  where 
Durand  engraved  the  initials  on  silverware.  He  then  took 
up  engraving,  and  making  a  considerable  success  of  it,  was 
apprenticed  to  Peter  Maverick,  an  engraver  in  New  York 
City.  Five  years  later  he  was  given  a  partnership  in  his 
master's  business.  He  achieved  considerable  distinction 
through  his  engravings  made  from  paintings  by  the  best 
artists  of  the  day.  Being  dissatisfied  with  engraving,  he 
gradually  took  up  painting  and  in  1835  devoted  him- 
self to  portraits  and  landscapes.  He  painted  a  number  of 
excellent  portraits,  but  finally  devoted  himself  exclusively 
to  landscapes.  Durand  has  been  called  the  "Father  of 
American  Landscape  Painting."  He  was  one  of  the  found- 
ers of  the  New  York  Academy  of  Design  in  1 826  and  was  its 
President  from  1845  to  1861.  In  1840  he  made  his  first  trip 
to  Europe,  studying  the  principal  galleries  and  copying 
the  paintings  of  the  greatest  masters,  especially  Titian  and 
Rembrandt.  He  worked  diligently,  painting  until  1879, 
when  he  was  in  his  eighty-third  year. 


THOMAS  COLF..    Earn  in  England,  February  /,  i8or,  died  near  Cats- 
kill,  X.  Y.,  February  //,  1848.  One  of  the  best  American  landscape  painters. 
From  direct  descendants 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 
In  the  Museum  of  Natural  History  and  Art  at  Pittsfield,  Mass. 


37 


£arl 

IJoRN  in  Worcester  County,  Mass.,  May  11,  1751, 
died  in  Connecticut  in  1801.  Nothing  definite  is  known 
about  Earl  before  1774,  when  Dunlap  records  his  having 
painted  portraits  and  living  in  New  Haven.  In  that  year 
he  also  married  his  first  wife  by  whom  he  had  two  children. 
In  1779  he  deserted  them  and  went  to  England.  Here  he 
studied  with  West  and  probably  with  Reynolds,  and  ex- 
hibited at  the  Royal  Academy.  While  in  England  he 
married  again  and  had  two  children,  one  of  whom — Ralph 
E.  W.  Earle,  became  a  portrait  painter.  Earl  stayed  in 
England  some  twelve  years,  returning  to  America  about 
1790.  After  his  arrival  in  this  country,  he  worked  prin- 
cipally in  New  York,  Connecticut  and  Massachusetts, 
painting  many  excellent  portraits.  The  work  of  his  son, 
Ralph  E.  W.  Earle,  who  also  occasionally  signed  himself, 
"Ralph  Earle"  has  sometimes  been  mistaken  for  that  of  his 
father,  though  he  was  a  much  inferior  painter.  Nearly  all 
of  Earl's  pictures  are  signed,  "Ralph  Earl."  The  son  some- 
times signed  "Earle"  and  for  that  reason  there  has  been 
some  confusion  as  to  the  correct  way  of  spelling  the  name. 
There  is  no  doubt  that  the  family  name  was  originally 
"Earl." 


T^glph  8ar I 


LADY  WILLIAMS  AND  CHILD 

On  canvas:  50%  x  40  inches 

In  the  Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art 


39 


THOMAS  BARROW,  ESQ.  Painted  at  the  age  of  50  years.  Dated: 
"New  York,  May  5,  1786" 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 


John  Sckstein 

1  HIS  artist  was  working  as  a  sculptor,  painter  and 
engraver,  etc.,  in  Potsdam,  Germany,  in  1772.  He  ex- 
hibited an  equestrian  statue  of  Frederick  II  of  Germany  in 
an  exhibition  of  the  Berlin  Academy  in  1776.  He  must 
have  come  to  America  shortly  after  this,  for  he  was  work- 
ing in  Philadelphia  between  the  years  of  1796  and  1822. 
Sully  says  he  was  a  man  who  could  "do  a  picture  in  still 
life,  history,  landscape,  portrait;  he  could  model,  cut  a 
head  in  marble — or  anything  you  please."  He  also  speaks 
of  him  as  working  in  Philadelphia  in  1800  and  that  he  was 
then  an  old  man. 


John  Sckstein 


RICHARD  WEBSTER,  ESQ 

Signed  and  dated,  "John  Eckstein, 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 


43 


Jacob  Eichholtz 

JJoRN  in  Lancaster,  Pa.,  1776,  died  in  Philadelphia, 
1842.  As  Eichholtz's  parents  were  in  very  moderate  cir- 
cumstances, they  found  it  impossible  to  give  their  son  an 
art  education  even  though  he  evinced  considerable  taste 
for  art  at  an  early  age.  His  first  instruction  was  received 
from  a  sign  painter,  but  this  was  very  unsatisfactory  and 
only  lasted  for  a  short  time.  Eichholtz  was  then  apprenticed 
to  a  coppersmith  and  for  a  number  of  years  supported 
himself  by  this  trade.  Finally,  in  1809  when  Sully  visited 
Lancaster,  Eichholtz  offered  him  the  use  of  his  painting 
room,  which  Sully  accepted,  in  return  presenting  Eichholtz 
with  some  of  his  discarded  brushes.  From  that  time  on  he 
divided  his  time  between  painting  and  coppersmithing. 
Later,  he  was  persuaded  to  visit  Boston,  where  he  received 
some  instruction  from  Stuart.  This  induced  him  to  devote 
himself  entirely  to  portrait-painting,  which  art  he  practiced 
until  his  death,  painting  portraits  for  most  of  the  promi- 
nent families  in  Lancaster  County. 


Sichholtz 


MR.  VAN  DYKE 

On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 


45 


Jacob  Sichholtz 


MRS.  LYDIA  VAN  DYKE 

On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 


47 


Charles  J^oring  Slliott 

DORX  in  Scipio,  N.  Y.,  in  December,  1812,  died  in 
Albany,  September  25,  1868.  While  working  as  clerk  in  ;i 
store  in  Syracuse  he  devoted  his  leisure  hours  to  practicing 
drawing  and  painting,  finally  coming  to  New  York  City  in 
1834  where  he  studied  for  a  while  with  Trumbull  and  later 
with  John  Quidor,  from  whom  he  no  doubt  acquired  his 
taste  for  rich  color.  He  spent  most  of  his  time  painting  in 
New  York  City,  although  he  made  various  trips  to  the 
Northern  and  Western  part  of  the  state  to  paint  portraits. 
In  1835  ne  was  elected  Associate  of  the  National  Academy 
and  an  Academician  in  1846.  Elliott  is  said  to  have  painted 
more  than  700  portraits  of  his  contemporaries  and  during 
his  later  years  he  was  unquestionably  the  finest  portrait 
painter  in  America. 


48 


Charles  tyring  Slliott 


SELF  PORTRAIT.   From  a  descendant  of  Mr.  Twichell,  who  was  a 
close  friend  and  pupil  of  Elliott 
On  canvas:  27  x  22  inches 


49 


Frothingham 


N  in  Charlestown,  Mass.,  in  1786,  died  there  on 
January  6,  1864.  His  first  painting  was  done  in  connection 
with  the  coach  bodies  built  by  his  father.  He  had  very 
meagre  instruction  in  painting  until  about  1810,  when  he 
was  the  pupil  of  Stuart.  Frothingham  was  quite  busy  for  a 
time  in  Salem  and  Boston  but  was  forced  to  move  to  New 
York  City  in  1826,  where  he  spent  most  of  the  time  until 
his  death.  Stuart  is  supposed  to  have  said  concerning  por- 
traits by  Frothingham:  "There  is  no  man  in  Boston  but 
myself  who  can  paint  so  good  a  head,"  and  later,  "except- 
ing myself,  there  is  no  man  in  the  United  States  who  can 
paint  a  better  head  than  that."  It  is  quite  likely  that  many 
portraits  by  Frothingham  are  attributed  to  other  masters, 
among  them  possibly  Stuart,  which  no  doubt  accounts  for 
the  lack  of  appreciation  Frothingham  has  received  to  date. 


James  Frothingham 


MASTER  SAMUEL  BARBER  CLARK.     Born  July  14,  1799;  died 
October  25, 1812.  Son  of  Samuel  and  Esther  Low  Clark 
Painted  in  1811 


Barnes  Frothingham 


MRS.  ELIZABETH  BROOKS.   Wife  of  Jonathan  Brooks.   Painted 

September,  1823  at  the  age  of  fifty -five  years 

From  descendants 

On  canvas:  26  x  21%  inches 

In  the  Worcester  Art  Museum 


James  Frothingham 


JONATHAN   BROOKS,  ESQ.   Painted  October,   1823,   when   Mr. 

Brooks  was  fifty-eight  years  of  age 

From  descendants 

On  canvas:  26  x  21%  inches 

In  the  Worcester  Art  Museum 


53 


James  Frothingham 


WILLIAM  GODDARD,  ESQ.   Born  in  New  London,  Conn,,  1740;  died 
in  Providence,  R.  I.,  December  23,  18/7.   He  established  the  first  printing- 
press  at  Providence.   Later  he  removed  to  Philadelphia  and  then  to  Balti- 
more, where  he  published  the  "Maryland  Journal" 
On  canvas:  24  x  20  inches 


54 


^Daniel  Huntingdon 

OORN  in  New  York  on  October  14,  1816,  and  tiled 
there  in  1906.  While  studying  at  Hamilton  College,  he 
made  the  acquaintance  of  Charles  L.  Elliott  who  first 
stimulated  his  love  for  art.  In  1835  he  studied  with  Samuel 
F.  B.  Morse,  who  was  at  that  time  president  of  the  Na- 
tional Academy  of  Design,  and  later  with  Henry  Inman. 
In  1839,  he  went  to  Europe  and  spent  some  time  in  Rome. 
On  his  return  to  New  York  he  practiced  the  art  of  portrait 
painting  and  commenced  to  illustrate  "Pilgrims  Progress." 
Due  to  the  failure  of  his  eyesight,  however,  he  had  to  give 
this  up  and  in  1844  returned  to  Europe  where  he  re- 
mained for  two  years.  On  his  return  to  New  York  he  de- 
voted himself  chiefly  to  the  painting  of  portraits,  although 
he  also  painted  a  great  many  genre  pictures.  He  painted 
most  of  the  prominent  men  of  his  day,  his  most  famous 
sitter  being  President  Lincoln.  He  was  elected  an  Associate 
of  the  American  Academy  in  1 839,  an  Academician  in  1 840, 
and  President  of  the  National  Academy  in  1862,  holding 
the  office  until  1869.  He  was  re-elected  in  1877  and  held 
office  until  1891. 


''Daniel  Huntington 


PORTRAIT  OF  A  LADY 

Signed 

On  canvas:  34  x  2~  inches 


57 


'Daniel  Huntington 


ALBERT  GALLATIN,  ESQ.    Born  in  Geneva,  Switzerland,  Jan- 
uary  29, 1761;  died  in  Astoria,  L.  /.,  August  12, 1849.    American  statesman 
From  descendants  of  Daniel  Huntington 
On  canvas:  JO  x  25  inches 


T>aniel  Huntington 


SELF  PORTRAIT 

Secured  from  the  family 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


59 


Henry  Inman 

IJORN  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  October  20,  1 801 ,  died  in  New 
York  City,  January  17,  1846.  He  had  intended  entering 
the  United  States  Military  Academy,  but  on  visiting  the 
studio  of  John  Wesley  Jarvis,  decided  to  take  up  painting 
which  he  did  under  Jarvis's  instructions.  At  the  age  of 
twenty-one,  he  opened  his  own  studio  in  New  York  and 
soon  acquired  fame  as  a  portrait  painter.  He  was  the  first 
vice-president  of  the  National  Academy  of  Design,  which 
was  founded  in  1824.  Always  more  interested  in  painting 
landscapes  than  portraits,  he  bemoaned  the  fact  that  he 
could  not  find  customers  for  the  former,  and  finally  moved 
to  Mt.  Holly,  N.  J.,  for  the  sake  of  the  rural  life.  He  did 
not  remain  long,  however,  but  returned  to  New  York  and 
then  went  to  England.  He  was  there  commissioned  to 
paint  Macaulay,  Wordsworth,  etc.,  for  his  American 
clients.  Notwithstanding  many  inducements  to  remain 
abroad,  he  returned  to  the  United  States  in  1845.  He  made 
many  portraits  in  crayon,  as  well  as  in  oil  and  was  one  of 
the  first  to  practice  lithography  in  this  country.  He  paint- 
ed some  fine  portraits  and  was  a  versatile  artist,  execut- 
ing excellent  genre  paintings  as  well  as  landscapes. 


60 


Henry  Inman 


PORTRAIT,  presumed  to  be  of  William  Inman,  the  Artist's  Father 
From  direct  descendants 
On  canvas:  jo  x  2$  inches 
In  the  Chicago  Art  Institute 


61 


Henry  Inman 


MRS.  CAROLINE  HOYVARD  OILMAN.  Born  in  Boston,  1794; 
died  in  Washington ,  1888.  Writer  and  poet.  Married  Dr.  Samuel  Gilman  in 
/<?/p  when  they  moved  to  Charleston,  S.  C.,  where  Dr.  Gilman  was  appointed 
Minister  of  the  Unitarian  Church.  Listed  in  Mrs.  Gilman' s  personal  notes 
On  canvas:  30  x  25  inches 

62 


Henry  Inman 


HENRY  LIVINGSTON,  ESQ.   Son  of  John  Livingston  of  Oak  Hill 
On  canvas:  34  x  27  inches 


James  T^eid  J^ambdin 

£)ORN  in  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  on  May  10,  1807,  died  near 
Philadelphia,  January  31,  1889.  He  studied  art  under 
Thomas  Sully  and  at  the  age  of  eighteen  was  already  paint- 
ing portraits  in  Pittsburg.  Later  he  traveled  through  a 
number  of  the  cities  of  the  middle  Southwest,  spending 
most  of  his  time,  however,  in  Pittsburg  and  Mobile,  Ala. 
In  1877  he  settled  in  Philadelphia.  He  was  Professor  of 
Fine  Arts  in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  for  twenty- 
five  years  an  active  officer  of  the  Pennsylvania  Academy 
of  Fine  Arts,  and  one  of  the  presidents  of  the  Artists  Fund 
Society.  He  is  credited  with  having  founded  the  first  art 
society  west  of  the  Alleghenies. 


64 


James  T^gid  J^ambdin 


DANIEL  WEBSTER,  ESQ.   Born  January  8,  1782;  died  October 
24, 1852.  Statesman  and  orator 

Signed  on  back  of  canvas:  "Daniel  Webster  by  J.  R.  Lambdin,  Phila" 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 


Charles  T^obert  J^eslie 


N"  in  London,  England,  October  19,  1794,  died 
there  on  May  5,  1859.  The  reason  for  including  him  among 
American  painters  is  that  he  was  of  American  parentage 
and  his  first  instruction  in  art  was  received  in  this  country. 
He  lived  in  Philadelphia  from  his  fourth  to  his  seventeenth 
year.  In  1813,  returning  to  England,  he  studied  under  Ben- 
jamin West  and  Washington  Allston.  In  1821  he  was 
elected  an  Associate  of  the  Royal  Academy  and  an  Aca- 
demician in  1825.  From  1831  to  1832  Leslie  was  Professor 
of  Drawing  at  the  United  States  Military  Academy  at 
West  Point,  and  while  in  this  country  was  made  an  honor- 
ary member  of  the  National  Academy  of  Design.  From 
1841  to  1851  he  was  Professor  of  Painting  in  the  Royal 
Academy.  Principally  a  subject  painter,  he  also  executed 
some  excellent  portraits. 


66 


Charles  T^obert  J^es/ie 


PORTRAIT  OF  A  LADY 

On  canvas:  j6  x  29  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


Samuel  Fin  ley  Creese  ^Corse 

OoRN  in  Charlestown,  Mass.,  on  April  27,  1791,  died 
in  New  York  City,  April  2,  1872.  While  at  Yale  Univer- 
sity, from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1810,  he  seemed  more 
interested  in  painting  than  in  science,  although  to  the 
world  he  is  better  known  as  the  inventor  of  the  telegraph 
than  as  a  painter  of  fine  portraits.  After  graduation  he  be- 
came acquainted  with  Washington  Allston  and  studied 
under  him  for  a  year,  when  he  accompanied  him  to  London 
and  soon  after  was  admitted  to  the  Royal  Academy.  He 
became  friends  with  Charles  Robert  Leslie  and  studied 
under  Benjamin  West.  In  1815  he  returned  to  the  LInited 
States,  settling  in  Boston,  where  he  opened  a  studio.  At 
first  he  devoted  himself  to  painting  historical  subjects,  but 
finding  no  sale  for  these,  turned  to  portraiture.  In  1818 
Morse  went  to  Charleston,  S.  C.,  and  painted  many  por- 
traits there,  among  them  President  Monroe.  Removing 
to  New  York  in  1823  he  helped  to  found  the  New  York 
Drawing  Association  and  was  its  first  president,  this  later 
leading  to  the  establishment  of  the  National  Academy  of 
Design,  with  Morse  its  president  until  1842.  In  1829  he 
again  went  to  Europe  and  spent  three  years  abroad,  prin- 
cipally in  Paris  and  Italy.  It  was  on  the  ship  returning  to 
New  York  that  he  met  Dr.  Charles  T.  Jackson,  who  had 
been  making  a  special  study  of  electricity  and  magnetism 
with  the  great  French  physicists.  This  chance  meeting 
turned  Morse's  thoughts  from  painting  to  electricity  and 
accounted  for  his  invention  of  the  electric  telegraph,  to  the 
perfection  of  which  he  devoted  the  rest  of  his  life. 


68 


Samuel  Fin  ley  ^Breese  ^Corse 


DR.  CHARLES  THOMAS  JACKSON.    Born  in  Plymouth,  Mass. 

in  1805;  died  in  1880.  Inventor,  scientist  of  great  distinction,  and  friend  of 

Morse 

On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 


69 


Samuel  Fin  ley  Creese 


I.  W.  FORBES.    New  York  Silversmith.   Early  Nineteenth  Century 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 


John 


DORN  in  Boston,  Mass,  (where  his  parents  were  tem- 
porarily residing),  November  4,  1796  (some  authorities 
give  the  date  of  his  birth  as  1799),  died  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  on  September  17,  1865.  His  first  instructors  were 
Peter  Ancora,  a  drawing  teacher,  and  Petticolas,  a  minia- 
ture painter.  Neagle  began  his  career  as  apprentice  to  a 
coach-painter.  Later  he  studied  for  two  months  with  Bass 
Otis.  This  is  all  the  instruction  that  he  ever  received.  In 
1818  Neagle  decided  to  devote  himself  to  portrait  painting 
and  went  to  Lexington,  Ky.,  then  to  Frankfort,  Louisville 
and  New  Orleans  before  returning  to  Philadelphia  in 
1820.  On  his  arrival  there  he  married  the  step-daughter 
of  Thomas  Sully,  with  whom  he  divided  the  best  patronage 
of  Philadelphia.  It  has  been  said  that  "Sully  painted  the 
pretty  women  and  Neagle  the  virile  men."  Neagle  visited 
Boston  a  few  years  before  Stuart's  death,  when  the  latter 
sat  to  him  for  the  portrait  which  is  now  in  the  Boston 
Museum  of  Fine  Arts  and  which  is  recognized  as  the  best 
representation  of  Stuart  extant.  Neagle  was  second  only 
to  Stuart  as  a  painter  of  powerful  portraits. 


John 


WILLIAM  STRICKLAND,  ESQ.   Born   in   Philadelphia,   1787; 

died  in  Nashville,  Tenn.t  April  7,  1854.    Eminent  architect  and  engineer 

Architect  of  the  first  United  States  Mint  in  Philadelphia 

Signed  and  dated  1829 

From  direct  descendants 

On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 

In  a  private  collection 


13 


JUNIUS  BRUTUS  BOOTH  in  character  of  Sir  Mortimer 
English  actor.  Born  1796;  died  1852 
On  canvas:  28^4  x  24  inches 


74 


John 


REV.  JASON  WHITMAN 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 


75 


'Joseph  "Stays  Ord 


in  Philadelphia  in  1805,  d'ed  there  April  18, 
1 865.  He  was  the  son  of  George  Orel,  the  well-known  Penn- 
sylvania ornithologist  and  naturalist.  Little  is  known  of 
his  life,  excepting  that  he  was  a  member  of  the  first  Council 
of  the  Artists  Fund  Society  in  1835  a"d  tnat  ne  continued 
to  paint  portraits  in  Philadelphia  until  his  death,  at  the 
advanced  age  of  sixty. 


76 


h 


13 

.{.that  In 

Philai'; 

. 


Joseph  "S/'ays  Ord 


PORTRAIT  OF  A  MAN 

Signed 

On  canvas:  18  x  14  inches 

In  a  private  collection 


77 


Bass  Otis 

DORN  in  New  England  in  1784,  died  in  Philadelphia, 
November  3,  1861.  It  is  not  known  where  he  first  obtained 
his  instruction,  but  in  1808  he  was  painting  portraits  in 
New  York,  and  in  1812  had  settled  in  Philadelphia.  He 
painted  a  number  of  prominent  Philadelphians,  some  of 
them  exceedingly  well  done.  Otis  has  the  distinction  of 
having  made  the  earliest  lithographs  ever  published  in 
this  country,  which  appeared  in  the  Analectic  Magazine 
for  July,  1819. 


"Bass  Otis 


MISS  LATROBE 
On  canvas:  30  x  25  inches 


79 


"Bass  Otis 


MASTER  JOSIAH  SWAMLEY  WAYNE 

From  direct  descendants 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


(Charles  Willson  ^Peale 

OORN  in  Chestertown,  Md.,  April  13,  1741,  died  in 
Philadelphia,  February  22,  1827.  He  was  probably  the 
most  versatile  of  all  American  artists,  as  he  at  various 
times  practiced  coach-building,  harness-making,  clock 
and  watch  manufacturing,  silversmithing,  dentistry  and 
taxidermy;  he  was  also  a  naturalist  and  interested  in  poli- 
tics, besides  being  a  miniature  painter  and  a  portrait 
painter  in  oils  of  marked  ability.  In  his  twenty-fifth  year 
he  gave  up  his  various  trades  and  devoted  himself  to  por- 
trait painting.  His  first  lessons  were  received  from  John 
Hesselius,  the  son  of  Gustave  Hesselius.  After  a  year  in 
Boston,  studying  with  John  Singleton  Copley,  in  1767  he 
went  to  London,  where  he  became  the  pupil  of  Benjamin 
West.  While  in  London,  Peale  studied  modeling  in  wax, 
casting  and  molding  in  plaster,  and  mezzotint  engraving. 
Returning  to  Annapolis  in  1769,  he  commenced  painting 
portraits.  In  1772  he  went  to  Mt.  Vernon  and  painted  the 
earliest  known  portrait  of  George  Washington.  Three 
years  later  he  established  himself  in  Philadelphia.  In  1802 
he  opened  Peale's  Museum  in  that  city,  which  was  one 
of  the  first  museums  in  the  country.  He  made  several 
attempts  to  form  an  art  academy  in  Philadelphia  before 
he  was  finally  successful  in  assisting  in  establishing  the 
Pennsylvania  Academy  of  Fine  Arts  in  1805.  Peale  was  a 
virile  and  convincing  portrait  painter  but  his  reputation 
has  suffered  somewhat,  due  to  a  number  of  mediocre  por- 
traits that  he  painted  for  his  museum,  and  also  to  the  fact 
that  portraits  painted  by  his  relatives  have  passed  for 
his  work.  He  is  supposed  to  have  made  it  a  point  of 
refusing  commissions  in  the  interest  of  his  sons,  among 
them,  Rembrandt,  Raphael  and  Titian  Peale.  He  had  a 
brother,  James  and  two  nieces,  Anne  Claypoole,  and  Sarah 
Ann  Peale,  all  of  whom  were  artists. 


8a 


Charles  IVillson  "Pea/e 


COMMODORE  THOMAS    NICHOLSON  of  Kent  County,  Md. 
From  direct  descendants 
On  canvas:  30  x  25  inches 


Charles  H^illson 


MRS.  G.   BURNS.   Mrs.   Burns  was  grandmother  of  Bishop  Oden- 
heimer  of  Pennsylvania  and  great-grandmother  of  Miss  Odenheimer,  in 
whose  collection  this  portrait  was  found.  Mrs.  Burns  was  a  connection  of 
Robert  Burns 
On  canvas:  jo  x  24^4  inches 


£>ORN  in  Bucks  County,  Pa.,  February  22,  1778, 
died  in  Philadelphia,  October  3,  1860.  He  was  the  son  of 
Charles  Willson  Peale,  and  at  an  early  age  gave  evidence 
of  a  talent  for  art.  In  1795  he  was  given  three  sittings  by 
Washington  and  painted  what  he  called  his  original  por- 
trait of  Washington.  In  1801  he  went  to  England  and 
studied  under  Benjamin  W7est.  After  his  return  to  America 
in  1803,  he  painted  portraits  in  Savannah,  Charleston,  New 
York  and  Philadelphia.  He  made  trips  to  Paris  in  1807 
and  again  in  1809  to  paint  portraits  of  distinguished 
Frenchmen  for  his  father's  museum  and  to  study  in  the  art 
galleries  there.  In  1829  he  again  went  to  France  and  Italy, 
spending  sixteen  months  on  the  continent,  then  to  England, 
remaining  there  until  1833,  when  he  returned  to  America. 
While  in  England  Peale  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy. 
He  was  President  of  the  American  Academy  after  Trum- 
bull,  and  was  one  of  the  original  members  of  the  Academy 
of  Design.  A  good  portrait  painter,  he  is  especially  known 
for  his  "composite  portrait"  of  Washington.  In  painting 
this  picture  he  used  not  only  his  own  portrait  made  from 
life  but  those  of  his  father,  the  Gilbert  Stuart  portraits  and 
the  Houdon  bust.  According  to  his  own  records,  he  painted 
thirty-nine  copies  of  his  father's  Washington,  and  seventy- 
nine  of  his  own. 


86 


GEORGE  WASHINGTON.  Born  February  22,  1732;  died  December 
14,  7799 

On  canvas:  J/  x  29}^  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


T^embrandt  ^Peale 


COLONEL  JOSEPH  BIAYS 

From  direct  descendants 

On  canvas:  27%  x  23^  inches 

In  the  Museum  of  Natural  History  and  Art,  Pittsfield,  Mass. 


Charles  Teak  <Polk 

OORN  in  1767  and  died  in  1822.  His  mother  was 
Elizabeth  Digby  Peale,  sister  of  Charles  Willson  Peale,  who 
married  Captain  Robert  Polk  of  Virginia.  Polk  came  to 
Philadelphia  to  live  with  his  uncle  in  1775  and  remained 
in  his  household  until  his  early  manhood.  He  was  a  stu- 
dent of  painting  in  his  uncle's  studio  and  practiced  the  art 
of  portrait  painting  for  a  number  of  years.  Later  he  held  a 
position  under  the  Government  at  Washington. 


90 


GEORGE  WASHINGTON 

Signed  and  dated  May,  1783 
On  panel:  20*4  x  16%  inches 


Charles  Teale  <Polk 


COMTE  DE  ROCHAMBEAU.    Born  in  1725;  died  in  1783.  Fre  nc  h 
General  in  America 


Signed  and  dated  May, 

On  panel:  2oY*  x  /6%  inches 


93 


'Peter  Frederick  T^othermel 

L>ORN  in  Wescopack,  Pa.,  July  18,  1817,  died  in 
Grassmere,  Pa.,  August  15,  1895.  First  studied  land-sur- 
veying and  only  took  up  the  study  of  art  at  the  age  of 
twenty-two.  He  was  a  pupil  of  J.  R.  Smith  and  afterwards 
of  Bass  Otis.  From  1847  to  1855  he  was  director  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Academy.  The  next  year  Rothermel  went 
to  Europe,  visiting  the  principal  cities  of  Italy,  England, 
France,  Germany  and  Belgium,  returning  to  America  in 
1859.  On  his  return  he  settled  in  Philadelphia,  where  he 
painted  some  portraits,  but  principally  historical  subjects 
and  paintings  as  illustrations  for  books. 


94 


^eter  Frederick  T^othermel 


PORTRAIT  OF  A  LADY 

On  canvas:  24  x  20  inches 


95 


James  Sharpies 

IJoRx  in  Bath,  England,  in  1751,  died  in  New  York 
City,  February  26,  1811.  He  came  to  this  country  first  in 
1794  but  after  a  few  years  went  back  to  England,  finally 
returning  to  America  in  1809.  Sharpies  is  famous  for  the 
miniature  portrait  pastels  he  made  of  most  prominent  men 
of  his  day.  The  majority  of  them  are  in  profile  but  many 
are  full  face.  He  drew  a  portrait  of  Washington  in  profile 
in  1796,  when  Washington  was  in  Philadelphia,  and  of  this 
his  wife  later  made  a  copy  on  ivory.  Sharpies  made  a  rep- 
lica of  nearly  all  the  portraits  which  he  executed  and  on 
each  was  the  name  of  the  sitter.  These  are  of  inestimable 
value  in  identifying  portraits  of  that  period. 


96 


Sharpies 


PORTRAIT  OF  A  MAN 

On  canvas:  10  x  8  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


97 


JAMES  McCLURG,  ESQ.  OF  MARYLAND.   Born  in  1747;  died  in 
1823,   Member  of  Federal  Convention  in  1787 
On  canvas:  /o  x  8  oval 


99 


Colonel  ^David  Hunter  St rot  her 

OORN  in  Martinsburg,  Va.  (now  West  Virginia), 
September  16,  1816,  died  in  Charleston,  W.  Va.,  March 
8,  1888.  In  1829  he  went  to  Philadelphia  to  study  drawing 
with  Pietro  Ancora  and  in  1836  became  the  pupil  of  Morse 
in  New  York.  Strother  then  spent  some  years  traveling  in 
the  West  and  in  Europe.  On  his  return  in  1845  ne  settled 
in  New  York.  Besides  being  a  portrait  painter,  he  was  a 
wood-engraver,  author,  soldier  and  diplomat.  He  pub- 
lished many  drawings  and  sketches  under  the  pen-name  of 
"Porte  Crayon,"  the  first  appearing  in  Harper's  Magazine 
in  1852. 


ICO 


Colonel  'David  Hunter  Strother 


WILLIAM  SOMMERVILLE,  ESQ.,  of  Virginia 
On  canvas:  JO  x  25  Inches 


101 


(filbert  Stuart 

IJORN  in  Narragansett,  R.  I.,  December  3, 1755,  died 
in  Boston,  Mass.,  July  27,  1828.  From  his  early  youth  he 
showed  a  taste  for  portrait  painting  and  at  the  age  of 
sixteen  was  sent  to  study  with  Cosmos  Alexander,  a 
Scotch  portrait  painter,  temporarily  in  this  country.  When 
in  about  1772  Alexander  returned  to  Scotland,  Stuart  ac- 
companied him.  Alexander  died  shortly  after  his  arrival 
in  Scotland  and  Stuart  was  compelled  to  return  to  America 
after  having  been  absent  for  about  two  years.  He  wished 
to  return  to  England  to  study  under  Benjamin  West,  and 
finally,  in  1775,  set  out  for  London,  where  he  remained 
several  years,  studying  part  of  the  time  with  West.  Ac- 
cording to  Hart,  Stuart  spent  the  years  from  1778  to  1793 
painting  in  Dublin.  Returning  to  America,  he  settled  in 
New  York,  where  he  remained  until  1794,  then  to  Phila- 
delphia, where  he  spent  nine  years,  then  to  Washington, 
D.  C.,  where  he  remained  until  1806.  He  finally  settled  in 
Boston  and  died  there  in  1828.  Stuart  was  unquestionably 
the  greatest  American  portrait  painter  of  his  time  and  in- 
fluenced all  his  contemporaries.  He  painted  nearly  all  the 
prominent  Americans  of  his  age,  his  most  distinguished 
sitter  being  George  Washington. 


102 


Qilbert  Stuart 


GEORGE  WASHINGTON.    Engraved  by  Nutter  on  January  75,  1798 
Directly  from  descendants  of  J.  Sebastien  De  Franca  of  London.    Men- 
tioned in  Mason's  "Life  and  Works  of  Gilbert  Stuart"  p.  //J 
On  canvas:  29  x  24  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


103 


(filbert  Stuart 


MARTHA  WASHINGTON.    Born  in  New  Kent  County,  Va.,  May, 
J?J2;  died  at  Mt.  Vernon,  Va.,  May  22, 1802.  Daughter  of  Col.  John  Dan- 
dridge.  Married  George  Washington  in  January,  f?59 
On  canvas:  33%  x  2$*i  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


IC4 


Qilbert  Stuart 


MR.  SUTCLI FFE.   From  direct  descendants  of  the  late  Daniel  Hunt- 
ington,  who  purchased  it  from  a  great  niece  of  the  subject  of  this  portrait 
On  canvas:  2y  x  24  inches 


105 


Qilbert  Stuart 


MRS.  JOSEPH  ANTHONY 

From  direct  descendants 

On  canvas:  29^4  *  24  inches 

In  the  Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art 


106 


Gilbert  Stuart 


MR.  JOSEPH  ANTHONY 

From  direct  descendants 

On  canvas:  29^  x  24.  inches 

In  the  Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art 


107 


Qilbert  Stuart 


GABRIEL  MANIGAULT,  ESQ. 

From  direct  descendants 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


108 


Qilbert  Stuart 


MRS.  GABRIEL  MANIGAULT 

From  direct  descendants 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


109 


Cfilbcrt  Stuart 


ISAAC  VAN  DER  BEEK,  ESQ.    Born  October  29, 1743;  died  May 
27>  I&33-  Married  Rachel  Ryerson,  November  27,  1767 
From  direct  descendants 
On  panel:  34  x  27  inches 


Qilbert  Stuart 


MRS.  RACHEL  RYERSON  VAN  DER  BEEK.   Wife  of  Isaac 
Van  der  Beek.  Born  May  /j,  /7J/;  died  February  23,  1825.  Daughter  of 
Martin  Ryerson  and  Amantze  Van  Rypeny  who  was  the  daughter  of  J.  T, 
Van  Rypen,  of  Passaic,  X.  J. 
From  direct  descendants 
On  panel:  34  x  27  inches 


in 


Gfilbert  Stuart 


MRS.  BETSY  HARTIGAN.   Mentioned   in    Masons    "Life   and 
Works  of  Gilbert  Stuart"  p.  196 
On  canvas:  30^/2  x  25  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


112 


Qilbert  Stuart 


MR.  WEBB,  JR.  (?) 

On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 


"3 


Qilbert  Stuart 


MR.  WEBB,  SR.    (?)  of  County  Donegal,  Ireland 
On  canvas:  JO  x  25  inches 


114 


Qilbert  Stuart 


MRS.  RACHEL  TRENCHARD  STRICKLAND.  Wife  of  Wil- 
liam Strickland,  Esq.  Born  in  Salem,  N.  J.,  1789;  died  1866 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


(filbert  Stuart 


JAMES  CONNOR  of  Yonghal,  Ireland.    Born  May  23,  1773;  died 
August  14, 1819.  Educated  at  Dublin  University.  Came  to  America  in 
and  in  the  same  year  married  Katherine  Crowley  of  Belleville,  N.  J. 
From  direct  descendants 
On  canvas:  29  x  24  inches 


116 


Gfilhert  Stuart 


REV.  SAMUEL  COOPER  THACHER.  Born  in  Boston,  February 
14, 178$;  died  in  France,  "January,  1818.  One  of  the  founders  of  the  Boston 
Athenaeum  Library 
On  canvas:  29  x  24  inches 


"7 


Gfilbert  Stuart 


MISS  KING 

On  canvas:  JO  x  2^  inches 


118 


Stuart 


about  1810,  died  April  28,  1888.  She  was  the 
daughter  of  Gilbert  Stuart,  studied  under  him  for  years,  and 
practiced  the  profession  of  portrait  painter  until  her 
death.  In  her  early  years  she  completed  many  unfinished 
sketches  of  Washington  left  by  her  father,  and  painted 
numerous  copies  of  her  father's  portrait  of  this  illustri- 
ous American.  She  was  a  mediocre  painter  and  her  work 
can  be  easily  detected  from  that  of  her  father. 


120 


Jane  Stuart 


GEORGE  WASHINGTON 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


121 


Jane  Stuart 


MARTHA  WASHINGTON 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


123 


£>ORN  in  Petersburg,  Va.,  July  17,  1803.  The  son  of 
an  actor,  and  nephew  of  Thomas  Sully,  at  the  age  of  six- 
teen he  determined  to  become  a  painter  and  after  many 
privations  succeeded  in  getting  to  Philadelphia  at  the  age 
of  eighteen.  Here  he  received  some  instructions  from  his 
uncle,  Thomas  Sully.  After  nine  months  he  returned  to 
Virginia  and  took  up  the  practice  of  his  profession.  He  also 
painted  portraits  in  North  Carolina,  finally  sailing  for 
England  the  ist  of  August,  1824,  due  to  the  advice  and 
encouragement  of  his  uncle.  During  his  second  year  in 
London  he  painted  a  portrait  of  C.  Below,  secretary  of  the 
British  Institution.  This  brought  him  to  the  attention  of 
Northcote,  who  encouraged  him  and  permitted  him  to 
copy  pictures  which  he  had  by  Reynolds,  Opie,  Gains- 
borough, etc.  He  also  painted  a  portrait  of  Northcote, 
which  brought  him  considerable  renown.  Sully  returned 
to  America  in  September,  1828,  and  continued  to  practice 
his  profession,  principally  in  the  South. 


124 


Robert  <3*C.  Sully 


JUKI  US  BRUTUS  BOOTH,  ESQ.   Earn  1796;  died   1852.   Eng- 
lish actor 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 


125 


Thomas  Sully 


in  Horncastle,  Lincolnshire,  England,  June 
*9>  T783>  died  in  Philadelphia,  November  5,  1872. 
Brought  to  America  by  his  parents  at  the  age  of  nine,  the 
family  settled  in  Charleston,  S.  C.  Thomas  received  some 
slight  art  instruction  before  joining  his  brother,  Lawrence, 
a  miniature  painter,  at  Richmond,  Va.  Later  they  moved 
to  Norfolk  where,  soon  surpassing  his  brother,  Thomas 
commenced  painting  oil  portraits  and  received  some  in- 
struction from  Henry  Benbridge.  In  1806  he  married  his 
brother's  widow.  Before  settling  permanently  in  Phila- 
delphia in  1808  he  spent  some  time  in  New  York  and  Bos- 
ton, in  the  latter  city  receiving  some  instruction  from  Gil- 
bert Stuart.  The  following  year,  going  to  London,  he 
studied  under  Benjamin  West,  returning  to  New  York  in 
1810.  His  last  years,  however,  were  spent  in  Philadelphia. 
Sully  was  a  portrait  painter  of  marked  ability  and  most 
famous  for  his  paintings  of  women.  The  picture  which  gave 
him  probably  his  greatest  reputation  was  his  portrait  of 
Queen  Victoria.  Sully  had  a  son  Thomas  and  a  daughter 
Jane,  afterwards  Mrs.  J.  C.  Darley,  both  of  whom  were 
portrait  painters,  and  it  is  probable  that  many  portraits 
in  the  style  of  Sully,  but  hardly  up  to  his  standard,  were 
painted  by  these  artists  and  have  been  wrongly  attributed 
to  their  father. 


126 


Thomas  Sully 


MRS.  KATHERINE  MATHEWS  of  Philadelphia 

From  direct  descendants 

On  canvas:  27  x  23  inches 

In  the  Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art 


127 


^Thomas  Sully 


MRS.  J.  IZARD  MIDDLETON 

Secured  from  descendants 
On  canvas:  j6  x  27^  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


128 


Thomas  Sully 


CHARLES  MANIGAULT,  ESQ. 

Secured  from  descendants 
On  canvas:  35  x  27^/1  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


129 


Thomas  Sully 


MRS.  GEORGE  L I N  G  E  N,  nee  Maria  Oldmixon,  Wije  of  Dr.  George 

Lingen 

No.  1054  in  Sully 's  Register 

From  direct  descendants 

On  canvas:  28  x  24  inches 

In  the  Chicago  Art  Institute 


130 


Thomas  Sully 


DR.  PHILIP  SYNG  PHYSICK.  Bom  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  July 
7, 1768;  died  there  December  75,  /<?J7.  Graduated  from  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania in  /7<?J,  and  was  given  the  independent  chair  of  surgery  which  he 
held  for  thirteen  years.  Was  called  "father  of  American  surgery."  First 
American  to  be  elected  Member  of  the  French  Academy  of  Medicine.  In  fSj6 
made  honorary  fellow  of  Royal  Medical  and  Chirurgical  Society  of  London 
No.  fj/j  in  Sully 's  Register 
On  canvas:  30%  x  25  inches 


Thomas  Sully 


GOVERNOR  SIMON  SNYDER  of  Pennsylvania.  Born  in  Lan- 
caster, Pa.,  November  $,  //59;  died  near  Selinsgrove,  Pa.,  November  p,  1819. 
Elected  Governor  of  Pennsylvania  in  1808  and  served  three  terms.  Snyder 
County,  Pa.  was  named  after  him 

Engraved  by  David  Edwin  and  published  July,  1809,  by  John  Binns 
No.  1561  in  Sully' s  Register 
On  canvas:  29  x  24  inches 


132 


'Thomas  Sully 


"AUNT  SABINA."   From  a  descendant  of  James  Reid  Lambdin,  who 
was  a  pupil  and  close  friend  of  Sully 
On  canvas:  JO  x  24  inches 


133 


COMMODORE  ROBERT  FIELD  STOCKTON.   Born  in 
Princeton,  N.  J.,  August  20, 1795;  died  there  October  7, 1866 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 


134 


Thomas  Sully 


GENERAL  ANDREW  JACKSON.   Born  March  75,  1767;  died 

June  8, 1845.  President  of  the  United  States  from  1829  to  1837 

Exhibited  at  the  Pennsylvania  Academy  of  Fine  Arts  in  1887  by  L.  Taylor 

Dickson,  Esq. 

On  canvas:  24  x  20  inches 


135 


C  H I L  D  R  E  N  of  Jean  Terfois  and  Mary  Sicard  David  (Julia,  Ferdinand 

and  Stephen  David) 

No.  417  in  Sully' s  Register 

Signed  and  dated  1826 

On  canvas:  38  x  44  inches 


136 


Jeremiah 

IJORN  in  Switzerland  before  1720,  died  May  18, 
1774.  He  commenced  painting  portraits  in  South  Carolina 
prior  to  1740,  as  is  evidenced  by  a  notice  in  the  Charleston 
(South  Carolina)  Gazette  of  August  30,  1740,  to  the  eftect 
that  he  was  established  and  ready  to  receive  sitters.  Por- 
traits by  Theus  are  somewhat  in  the  early  manner  of  Cop- 
ley, and  some  of  these  have  been  wrongly  attributed  to  the 
brush  of  his  more  famous  contemporary. 


Jeremiah  Theus 


MR.  MATHEWSONo/CW^/on,  S.  C. 
On  canvas:  34  x  29  inches 


139 


Jeremiah  cThet4S 


MRS.  MATHEWSON  of  Charleston,  .S\  C. 
On  canvas:  34  x  29  inches 


Trumbull 

JJORN  in  Lebanon,  Connecticut,  June  6,  1756,  died 
in  New  York  City,  November  10,  1843.  He  was  a  son 
of  Jonathan  Trumbull,  who  was  the  Governor  of  Con- 
necticut and,  being  a  Harvard  graduate,  sent  his  son  to 
Harvard.  John  Trumbull  is  said  to  have  graduated  from 
the  University  at  the  age  of  seventeen.  He  early  developed 
a  taste  for  drawing.  At  the  beginning  of  the  Revolutionary 
War  he  joined  the  Army  as  an  adjutant  and  Washington 
appointed  him  Aide-de-camp,  using  him  to  make  drawings 
of  the  enemy's  works  at  Boston  and  other  places.  He 
finally  attained  the  rank  of  Colonel.  In  1780  he  went  to 
France  and  then  to  London,  carrying  a  letter  from  Ben- 
jamin Franklin  to  Benjamin  West.  He  was  arrested  while 
there  and  thrown  into  prison  for  treason,  when  finally 
being  released  through  the  efforts  of  West  and  Copley,  he 
was  permitted  to  return  home.  In  1784  he  again  returned 
to  England,  studying  under  West.  He  traveled  on  the 
Continent  part  of  the  time.  Before  his  return  to  America 
in  1789,  when  he  settled  in  New  York,  he  painted  a  number 
of  historical  pictures,  among  them  the  original  composi- 
tions for  his  paintings,  "Declaration  of  Independence"  and 
"Sortie  of  the  Garrison  from  Gibraltar."  He  was  abroad 
again  from  1794  to  1804  and  also  from  1808  to  1816. 
Among  Trumbull's  best  works  are  his  miniatur  s.  Hart 
attributes  the  inferiority  of  some  of  his  larger  pictures  to 
the  fact  that  Trumbull  had  lost  the  sight  of  one  eye  and, 
therefore,  this  disqualified  him  from  seeing  forms  and  pro- 
portions normally.  Trumbull  painted  many  of  the  most 
prominent  people  of  his  day,  among  them  General  and 
Mrs.  Washington. 


142 


Trumbull 


"TRIAL  OF  MAJOR  ANDRE."  Generals  Green  and  Lafayette  seated 
at  table.  Standing  in  back  of  them  are  Paulding,  Williams  and  Van  Vort, 
who  captured  Andre.   General  Steuben  is  standing  and  next  to  him  is  Gen- 
eral Knox  wearing  artillery  cap.  In  the  background  is  John  Laurens. 
On  canvas:  12  x  18  inches 


Samuel  J^ovett  JValdo 

OORX  in  Wyndham,  Conn.,  April  6,  1783,  died  in 
New  York  City,  February  16,  1861.  He  received  his  first 
art  instruction  from  a  mediocre  artist  by  the  name  of 
Stewart  in  Hartford.  Later  Waldo  painted  portraits  in 
Connecticut,  and  finally,  at  the  invitation  of  John  Rutledge 
of  South  Carolina,  went  to  Charleston  where  he  remained 
some  time.  In  1806  he  went  to  London  where  he  met 
West  and  Copley  and  worked  in  the  Royal  Academy. 
Returning  to  the  United  States  in  1809  he  settled  in 
New  York  City  and  remained  here  until  his  death.  In 
1812  William  Jewett  came  to  him  for  instruction  and 
after  two  years  the  latter  made  such  progress  that  Waldo 
formed  a  partnership  with  him  for  the  painting  of  por- 
traits. They  painted  pictures  jointly  and  these  pictures 
are  often  found  stencilled  on  the  back:  "Waldo  &  Jewett, 
New  York  City."  On  the  formation  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Fine  Arts,  Waldo  was  made  a  member  and 
finally  a  director.  In  addition  to  those  he  painted  with 
Jewett,  he  painted  many  charming  portraits  alone. 


'44 


MRS.  WILLIAM  STEELE.   Mary    Dayton,  daughter  of  Dr.  Jon- 
athan   Dayton,   married  William  Steele  on  December  26,  1791.  She  died 
March  26, 1834.   The  portrait  was  fainted  shortly  before  her  death  and  comes 
from  the  collection  of  William  D.  Steele 
On  panel:  jo  x  25  inches 


145 


COLONEL  JOHN  MARSHAL  GAMBLE,  U.  S.  M.  C.  Born 
1791;  died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  September  //,  1836.  Appointed  1st  Lieu- 
tenant of  the  Marine  Corps  in  1811  and  six  years  later  Lieutenant-Colonel. 
Was  with  Porter  on  the  "Essex"  left  in  charge  of  the  Ga/ipagos  Islands  Ex- 
pedition 

From  direct  descendants 
On  canvas:  30  x  25  inches 

146 


Samuel  J^ovett  W^aldo 


MRS.  LETITIA  LANG  GAMBLE.  Mrs. Gamble  was  the  daughter  of 
John  Lang,  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  New  York  "Observer."  He  was  great- 
ly interested  in  Waldo,  who  not  only  painted  Mr.  Lang,  but  also  his  wife  and 
three  daughters 
On  canvas:  JO  x  2$  inches 


Samuel  J^ovett  H^alclo 


MRS.   MARIE  A.   UNDERBILL  VAN   ZANDT.   Daughter  of 

Israel  Underhill  of  Westchester  County.  Married  Wynant  Van  Zandt  in 

1788 

On  canvas:  JO  x  25  inches 


148 


Samuel  J^ovett  Waldo 


CHARLES  AVERT,  KSQ.    Born  about  1790.  Merchant  and  gre 
philanthropist.  He  lived  and  died  in  Pittsburg,  where  a  monument  u\ 
erected  to  him 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 


JValdo  and  Jewett 


DAVID  AUGUSTUS  COMSTOCK,  ESQ.   Born  1804;  died  1855 
in  New  York  City 
From  direct  descendant 
On  panel:  JJ  x  25%  inches 


150 


'Benjamin 

DORN  near  Springfield,  Chester  County  (now  Swarth- 
more,  Delaware  County),  Pa.,  October  10,  1738,  died 
in  London,  England,  March  10,  1820.  West  is  supposed 
to  have  shown  a  talent  for  painting  at  a  very  early  age. 
His  first  instruction  was  received  from  W.  Williams  in 
Philadelphia.  Later  West  went  to  Lancaster,  Pa.,  where 
he  made  his  first  attempts  at  portraiture.  In  1756  he  es- 
tablished himself  in  Philadelphia  as  a  portrait  painter  and 
two  years  later  went  to  New  York.  In  1760  West  went  to 
Italy,  remaining  there  until  1763,  studying  and  painting 
a  number  of  allegorical  pictures.  From  there  he  went  to 
London  where  he  opened  a  studio,  remaining  until  his 
death.  West  became  one  of  the  most  popular  painters 
of  his  day.  One  of  the  founders  of  the  Royal  Academy 
in  1768,  in  1792  he  succeeded  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds  as 
President  of  that  Institution,  which  post  he  held  almost 
uninterruptedly  until  1815.  West  greatly  influenced 
American  as  well  as  English  art  of  his  day.  It  was  for- 
tunate, indeed,  for  art  in  America  that  those  American 
artists  who  went  abroad  should  have  had  an  American 
to  study  with  and  no  one  could  have  shown  more  kindness 
to  the  struggling  young  artists  of  his  native  land  than  did 
West.  Among  those  befriended  by  him  were  Charles 
Willson  Peale,  Gilbert  Stuart,  Joseph  Wright  and  John 
Trumbull.  West,  one  of  the  favorites  of  the  English  Court, 
receiving  an  allowance  from  the  Crown,  was  not  compel- 
led to  seek  commissions.  This  no  doubt  accounts  for  his 
numerous  historical  subjects  and  the  lack  of  apprecia- 
tion of  his  real  ability.  As  a  portrait  painter  West  was 
second  to  no  artist  of  his  day  and  had  he  only  devoted 
himself  to  painting  portraits  he  would  no  doubt  have  held 
a  higher  place  in  the  history  of  art. 


152 


^Benjamin 


PO  R  T  R  A I T  of  the  Artist  painting  his  Wife 
Signed  and  dated  1806 
On  canvas:  j?  x  28  inches 


153 


'Benjamin  West 


PORTRAIT  OF  A  MAN 

Signed  and  dated  f794 
On  canvas:  50  AT  40  inches 
In  the  Chicago  Art  Institute 


154 


benjamin 


JOHN  J.  SEDLEY,  ESQ. 

"John  Sedley  was  a  nephew  of  Sir  Charles  Sedley 
Signed  and  dated,  "B.  West,  1802" 
On  canvas:  j6  x  28  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


155 


^Benjamin  West 


RALPH  I Z  A  R  D  and  Fellow  Students  at  Cambridge  University ,  England. 

From  left  to  right  represented  are:  Messrs.  Allen,  JVormsley,  Allen,  Izard 

and  Beckford 

On  canvas:  4Ol/«,  x  50%  inches 

In  a  private  collection 


,56 


//    f  .)£ 


and  B,. 


^Benjamin 


SELF  PORTRAIT 

On  canvas:  40%  x  51%  inches 
In  a  private  collection 


157 


^Benjamin  litest 


"RETURN  FROM  THE  PROMISED  LAND' 

On  panel:  23  x  JO^  inches 

In  the  Hackley  Art  Gallery ',  Muskegon,  Mich. 


158 


benjamin 


MRS.  WEST  AND  CHILD 
On  canvas:  jf  x  26  inches 


159 


^Benjamin  JVest 


"RETURN  OF  JEPHTHAH" 

On  canvas:  jS  x  54  inches 


160 


IJORN  in  Clarkstown,  Orange  County,  New  York, 
1798;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  1852.  His  father  was  a 
respectable  farmer  who  wished  his  son  to  succeed  him,  but 
when  Joseph  was  fifteen  years  of  age  he  determined  to  seek 
his  fortune  in  New  York.  He  was  attracted  by  some  minia- 
ture pictures  in  a  silversmith's  shop  while  in  New  York  and 
offered  himself  as  an  apprentice  there.  He  worked  as  a 
silversmith  for  some  years,  during  which  time  he  was  also 
interested  in  painting.  Meeting  John  Wesley  Jarvis,  he 
joined  him  and  they  carried  on  the  business  of  portrait 
painting  together.  About  the  year  of  1806  Wood  moved  to 
Philadelphia  and  later  followed  the  seat  of  Government 
to  Washington,  where  he  made  his  home  until  his  death. 
Wood  is  reported  to  have  painted  very  rapidly;  sometimes 
even  finishing  a  portrait  in  a  day. 


162 


Joseph  Wood 


PORTRAIT  OF  A  BOY  WITH  DOG 

Signed  and  dated  1828 
On  canvas:  jo  x  25  inches 


163 


fus  Wright 


in  Cleveland,  O.,  1832.  According  to  Ap- 
pleton's  Cyclopaedia  of  American  Biography  Wright  was  a 
pupil  at  the  National  Academy  and  studied  also  for  a  time 
under  George  A.  Baker.  His  professional  life  was  spent  in 
New  York  and  Washington.  In  1866  he  was  made  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Brooklyn  Academy  of  Design.  His  portraits  in- 
clude those  of  Roger  B.  Taney,  Edwin  M.  Stanton  and 
William  H.  Seward.  About  1875  ne  turned  his  attention 
also  to  the  painting  of  composition  pictures  and  produced 
among  other  works,  "The  Morning  Bouquet,"  "The  In- 
ventor and  the  Banker,"  etc. 


164 


Upright 


WILLIAM  HENRY  SEWARD,  ESQ.    Earn  May  16,  1801;  died 

October  /o,  1872.  Secretary  of  State  under  Lincoln  and  Johnson 

Signed  and  dated  on  back  of  canvas:  "William  H.  Seward  by  Rufus  Wright, 

November  4,  fS6j" 

On  canvas:  31%  x  24  inches 


165 


st  of  Arti 


IN  arranging  the  list  of  artists  we  have  deemed  it  simpler 
to  place  the  names  alphabetically.  The  following  abbrevia- 
tions have  been  used  to  designate  the  principal  activities  of 
each  artist: 

P  for  portraits  G    for  genre,  still  life,  etc. 

L  for  landscapes  or  seascapes  M  for  miniatures 

H  for  historical  subjects 

A 

Agate,  Frederick  S.  (P  G)  1 807-1 844 

Alexander,  Cosmo  (P)  flour'shed  175(5-1772 

Alexander,  Francis  (P  L)  1800-1880 

Allston,  Washington  (P  G)  1779-1843 

Ames,  Ezra  (P)  flourished  1812 

Ames,  Joseph  Alexander  (P)  1816-1872 

Audubon,  John  James  (Birds)  1780-1851 

B 

Badger,  Joseph  (P  M)  1708-1765 

Baker,  George  A.  (P  G)  1821-1880 

Baker,  William  H.  (P  G)  1825-1875 

Banning,  Wm.  J.  (P)  1810-1856 

Beard,  James  Henry  (G  H)  1814-1893 

Beck  ?  (L)  ?    -1814 

Belzoni  ?  (M)  flourished  1792 

Benbridge,  Henry  (P)  1744-1812 

Bierstadt,  Albert  (L)  1829-1902 

Birch,  Thomas  (L)  1779-1851 

Birch,  William  Russell  (M)  I755~I834 

Blackburn,  Jonathan  B.  (P)  about  1700- after  1765 

Blondel,  Jacob  D.  (P)  1817-1877 

Blyth,  Benjamin  (P)  1740-  after  1781 

Bogle,  James  (P)  1817-1873 

Bonfield,  G.  R.  (L)  1802-1898 

Bridport,  Hugh  (M)  1794-1832 

Brown,  George  Loring  (L)  1814-1889 

Brown,  Mather  (P  G)  about  1763-1831 

Bryant,  Henry  (PL)  1812-1881 

Bush,  Joseph  H.  (P)  1794-1865 

167 


Cain  ?  (P)  flourished  1760 

Campbell  ?  (P)  flourished  1776 

Cardelli,  Georgio  (P)  1791-    ? 

Carpenter,  Francis  B.  (P)  1830-1900 

Carter,  Dennis  Malone  (P  L)  1827-1881 

Casilear,  John  W.  (L)  1811-1893 

Catlin,  George  (P)  1793?-!  875? 

Catton,  Charles  (G)  1756-1819 

Chandler,  Winthrop  (P)  1747-1790 

Chapman,  John  Gadsky  (P  L  G)  1805-1889? 

Church,  Frederick  Edwin  (L)  1826-1900 

Claypool,  James  (P)  1720-1784 

Cole,  Thomas  (L)  1801-1848 

Cooper,  Peter  (L)  1717-    ? 
Cooper,  W.                                                       flourished  1835 

Copley,  John  Singleton  (P  H)  1737-1815 

Coram,  Thomas  (P)  1793-1856 

Cranch,  Christopher  P.  (L)  1813-1892 

Crawley,  John  (P)  1784-    ? 

Cropsey,  Jasper  F.  (L)  1823-1900 

Cummings,  Thomas  S.  (P)  1804-1894 

D 

Barley,  Felix  O.  C.  (G)  1822-1888 

Dearborn,  Nathaniel  (P)  1786-1852 

Delanoy,  Abraham  (P)  1740-1786 

DeVeaux,  Jacques  Martial  (P)  1825-1891 

Dickinson,  Anson  (M)  1780-1847 

Dickinson,  Daniel  (P  M)  1795~   ? 

Doughty,  Thomas  (L)  1793-1856 

Duche,  Thomas  Spence  (P)  1763-1790 

Dunlap,  William  (G  P  H)  1 766-1 839 

Durand,  Asher  Brown  (L  G)  1796-1886 


Earl,  Augustus  (P)  1793~   ? 

Earl,  Ralph  (P)  1751-1801 

Earle,  James  (P)  1761-1798? 

Earle,  Ralph  E.  W.  (P)  ?    -1837 

Earle,  T.  (P)  flourished  1775-1792 

168 


Eckstein,  John  (P  L  H  G) 
Eichholtz,  Jacob  (P) 
Elliott,  Charles  Loring  (P) 
Emmons,  Nathaniel  (P) 


flourished  1772-1822 
1776-1842 
1812-1868 
1704-1740 


Falconer,  John  M.  (L  G) 
Feke,  Robert  (P) 
Field,  Robert  (M  P) 
Fink,  Frederick  (G  P) 
Fisher,  Alanson  (P  G) 
Fisher,  Alvan  (L  P) 
Flagg,  George  W.  (G) 
Flagg,  Jared  B.  (P  G) 
Francis,  George  (P) 
Fraser,  Charles  (M  P) 
Frazer,  Oliver  (P) 
Frazier,  ?  (P) 
Freeman,  George  (G) 
Freeman,  James  Edward  (P  G) 
Frothingham,  James  (P) 
Fuller,  George  (L) 
Fulton,  Robert  (P  M) 


1820-1903 
1725-1769 
?  -1819 
1817-1849 
1807-1884 
1792-1863 
1816-1897 
1820-1899 
1790-1873 
1782-1860 
1808-1864 
flourished  1763 
1789-1868 
1808-1884 
1786-1864 
1822-1897? 
1765-1815 


Gerry,  S.  L.  (L) 
Gifford,  San  ford  R.  (L) 
Gignoux,  F.  Regis  (L  H) 
Goodridge,  Sarah  (M) 
Gray,  Henry  Peters  (G) 
Greenwood,  John  (P) 
Grimes,  John  (P) 
Gullager,  Christian  (P) 


Hamilton,  James  (L  H) 
Hanks,  Jervis  F.  (P) 
Harding,  Chester  (P) 
Hart,  William  (L  G) 
Harvard  ?  (P) 


H 


1813 

1823-1880 
1816-1882 
1788-1853 
1819-1877 
1727-1792 
1799-1837 
1762-1826 


1819-1878 
1799-   ? 
1792-1866 
1823-1890 
flourished  1771 


169 


H 

Healy,  George  Peter  Alexander  (P  H) 
Herring,  James  (P) 
Hesselius,  Gustavus  (P) 
Hesselius,  J.  (P) 
Hicks,  Thomas  (P  L  G) 
Hunt,  William  Morris  (G  P) 
Huntington,  Daniel  (P  G  H) 
Hubbard,  Richard  W.  (L) 

I 

Ingham,  Charles  Cromwell  (P  G  M) 
Inness,  George  (L) 
Inman,  Henry  (P  L  G) 


J 


Jarvis,  John  Wesley  (P) 
Jewett,  William  (P) 
Jewett,  William  S. 
Jocelyn,  Nathaniel  (P) 
Johnson,  Eastman  (G) 
Johnston,  John  (P) 
Jouett,  Matthew  Harris  (P) 


K 


Kensett,  John  Frederick  (L) 
Kilbrunn,  Lawrence  (P) 
King,  Charles  B.  (P) 
King,  Samuel  (P) 
Krimmell,  John  Lewis  (P  G) 
Kyle,  Joseph  (P  G) 


1 813?-! 894 
i 794?- i 867 
1682-  ? 
1728-1788 
1823-1890 
1824-1879 
1816-1906 
1817-1888 


i 796?-! 863 
1825-1894 
1801-1846 


1780-1839 
1795-1863? 
1812-1873 
1796-  ? 
1824-1906 
1752-1818 
1787-1827 


i8i8?-i872 

?    -1775 


1749-1819 
1787-1821 
1815-1863 


Lambdin,  George  Cochran  (G) 

Lambdin,  John  Reid  (P) 

Lane,  Thomas  H. 

Lang,  Louis  (P  H) 

Lawson,  Thomas  Bayley  (P) 

LeClear,  Thomas  (P  G) 


1830-1896 
1807-1889 
1814-1900 
1814-1893 
1807-1888 
1818-1882 


170 


Leslie,  Charles  Robert  (P  G) 
Leutze,  Emanuel  (H  G) 
Linen,  George  (P) 
Longacre,  James  Barton  (P) 
Lovett,  William  (M) 


McEntee,  Jervis  (L  G) 


Me 


M 


Malbone,  Edward  Green  (M) 

Malcolm,  James  Peller  (P  L) 

Manly  ?  (P) 

Marchant,  E.  D.  (P) 

Matteson,  Tompkins  H.  (G) 

Meng,  John  (P) 

Metcalf,  Eliab  (P  M) 

"Mooney,  Edward  (P) 

Moran,  Edward  (L) 

Morgan,  Louis  (P) 

Morse,  Samuel  Finley  Breese  (P  L  H) 

Mount,  Henry  S.  (G) 

Mount,  Shepard  Alonzo  (P) 

Mount,  William  Sidney  (G  P) 

Munger,  George  (M) 

Munson,  Lucius  (P) 

N 

Neagle,  John  (P) 
Newton,  Gilbert  Stuart  (P  G) 


1794-1859 
1816-1868 
1802-1888 
1794-1869 

1773-1801 


1828-1891 


1777-1807 
1767-1815 
flourished  1772 
1806-1887 
1813-1884 

1734-    ? 

1785-1834 

1813-1887 

1829-1901 

1814-1852 

1791-1872 

1802-1841 

1804-1868 

1806-1868 

1783-1824 

1796-1823 


1796  or  1799-  1865 
1797?-! 835 


Ord,  Joseph  Biays  (P) 
Osgood,  S.  S.  (P) 
Otis,  Bass  (P) 

Page,  William  M.  (P) 
Park,  Asa  (P) 
Paradise,  John  (P) 


O 


1805-1865 
1798-  ? 
1784-1861 

1811-1885 

?  -1827 

1783-1833 


171 


Paul,  Jeremiah  (P) 

Peale,  Anne  Claypoole  (M) 

Peale,  James  (P) 

Peale,  James  (M  P  L) 

Peale,  Raphael  (P  G) 

Peale,  Rembrandt  (P  G) 

Peale,  Sarah  M.  (P  G) 

Peele,  John  T.  (P) 

Petticolas,  Edward  F.  (P)     flourished 

Percival,  Edwin 

Pine,  Robert  Edge  (P  H) 

Polk,  Charles  Peale  (P) 

Pratt,  Henry  Cheeves  (L  P) 

Pratt,  Matthew  (P  G) 

Pratt,  Robert  M.  (P  G) 

Price,  General  Samuel  W.  (P) 


flourished  1761 
1791-1878 
1749-1831 
1779-1876 
1774-1825 
1778-1860 
1800-1885 
1822-  ? 
Early  igth  Century 

1793-    ? 

1730-1788 

1767-1822 

1803-1880 

1734-1805 

1811-1880 

1828-    ? 


Quidor,  John  (G) 

R 

Ramage,  John  (M) 
Read,  Thomas  Buchanan  (P  L) 
Reinagle,  Hugh  (L  G) 
Remick,  Christian 
Robertson,  Archibald  (P  H) 
Robertson,  Walter  (M) 
Rogers,  Nathaniel  (P) 
Rossiter,  Thomas  P.  (G  H  L) 
Rothermel,  Peter  F.  (P  H) 


1800-1881 


?    -1802 

1822-1872 

1790-1834 

flourished  1768 

1765-1835 

flourished  1793 

1788-1844 

i8i8?-i87i 

1817-1895 


Saint-Memin,  Charles  B. 
Sargent,  Henry  (P  G  H) 
Savage,  Edward  (P) 
Scarborough,  John 
Sharpies,  Felix  (P) 
Sharpies,  James  (P  M) 
Shaw,  Joshua  (L) 
Shaw,  Stephen  William 


J.  F.  de  (M) 


1770-1852 
1770-1845 
1761-1817 
flourished  1830 
1794-  ? 
1751-1811 
1776-1860 
1817-1900 


'72 


Sheffield,  Isaac  1798-1845 

Shegogue,  J.  H.  (P)  1805-1872 

Shumway,  H.  C.  (M)  i8o8?-i884 

Smibert/John  (P)  1684?-! 751 

Smibert,  Nathaniel  (P)  1734-1756 

Smith,  John  Rubens  (P)  I775~    ? 

Smith,  William  Russell  (L)  1812-1896 

Sonntag,  William  L.  (L)  1822-1890 

Spencer,  Frederick  R.  (P)  1805-1875 

Staigg,  Richard  M.  (M  P)  1820-1881 

Stearns,  Junius  Brutus  (P)  1810-1885 

Stone,  William  Oliver  (P)  1830-1875 

Strother,  Col.  David  Hunter  (P)  1816-1888 

Stewart,  Joseph  (P)  !75o-    ? 

Stuart,  Gilbert  (P)  1755-1828 

Stuart,  Jane  (P)  i8io?-i888 

Sully,  Robert  M.  (P)  1803-    ? 

Sully,  Thomas  (P  G  L)  1783-1872 

Sully,  Lawrence  (M)  1769-1803 

Sully,  Thomas  Wilcocks  (M)  1811-1847 

Suydam,  James  Augustus  (L)  1819-1865 

T 

Terry,  Luther  (G  H  P)  1813-1 869 
Theus,  Jeremiah  (P)                                    Before  1720-1774 

Thompson,  Cephas  (P)  1775-1856 

Thompson,  Cephas  Giovanni  (L)  1809-1888 

Thompson,  Jerome  (L  G)  1814-1886 

Tilyard  ?  (P)  1787-1827 

Tisdale,  Elkanah  (M)  1771-    ? 
Trott,  Benjamin  (M)                             flourished  1791-1839 

Trumbull,  John  (P  H  L)  1756-1843 

Twibill,  George  (P)  1806-1836 

Tyler,  G.  Washington  (P)  1803-1833 

V 

Vanderlyn,  John  (P  H)  1775?-!  852 

Ver  Bryck,  Cornelius  (P  L  G)  1813-1844 
Verstille,  William  (M)                          flourished  1769-1802 

Vollmering,  Joseph  (L)  1810-1887 


w 

Waldo,  Samuel  Lovett  (P)  1783-1861 

Wall,  William  G  (L)  1792-    ? 

Watson,  John  (P)  1685-1768? 

Waugh,  Samuel  B.  (L)  1814-1885 

Weber,  Paul  (L)  1823-    ? 

Weir,  Charles  E.  (P)  ?    -1845 

Weir,  Robert  Walter  (H  G)  1 803-1 889 

Wenzler,  A.  H.  (L)  ?    -1871 

W'ertmuller,  Adolf  Uric  (P)  1 749  ?-i  8 1 1  ? 

West,  Benjamin  (H  P  G  L)  1738-1820 

West,  William  Edward  (P  M  G)  1788-1857 

White,  Edwin  (H  G)  1817-1877 

Whittredge,  Worthington  (L  G)  1820-1910 

Whitehorn,  James  (P)  1803-1888 

Williams,  Henry  (P)  1787-1830 

Williams,  Isaac  L.  (P  L)  1817-    ? 

Williams,  William  (P)  1731-1811 

Wilson,  Matthew  (P  M)  1814-1892 
Winstanley,  William  (P  L)     flourished  late  i8th  Century 

Wood,  Joseph  (P  M)  1798-1852 

Woodville,  Richard  Caton  (G)  1825-1855 
Woolaston,  John  (P)                                        flourished  1750 

Wright,  Joseph  (P)  ^56-1793 

Wright,  Rufus  (P)  1832-    ? 


174 


IT  has  been  impossible  for  us  to  determine  the  dates  of 
birth  or  death  of  the  following  artists  who  flourished  during 
the  middle  of  the  1 8th  and  1 9th  centuries.  Any  information 
concerning  these  artists  will  be  very  gratefully  received  and 
appreciated,  and  all  subscribers  to  the  book  will  be  notified 
as  this  information  is  secured: 

BILLINGS,  T.  E. 

BOWEN 

BUDDINGTON 

BULLARD,  O.  A. 

CHAPIN,  HENRY 

CONARROE,  GEORGE 

DOORNICK,  F.  V. 

DRINKER 

FAIRFAX,  D.  R. 

FERGUSON,  DUNCAN 

FRAZER,  J. 

GREEN 

LEWIS,  W. 

McCONKEY 

McGIBBON,  JAMES 

McKAY 

MATTHEWS,  WILLIAM  T. 

ONTHANK,  B. 

PARKER,  THOMAS 

PENNIMAN,  JOHN  RITTS 

POLK,  WILLIAM 

ROBERTS 

RUSSELL  OF  GUILFORD,  JOHN 

SAWYER,  JAMES 

SOUTHWORTH,  WILLIAM 

•SPRAGUE,  MARTIN 

TAYLOR 

TORRY,  M.  C. 

WEEKS,  CAROLINE 

WESTOBY 

WILLARD,  JOSEPH 

WRIGHT,  HENRY  J. 


IN  compiling  the  foregoing  facts  we  are  indebted  to  the 
following  authorities: 

American  Art  Annuals 

Appleton's  Cyclopaedia  of  American  Biography 

Artists  of  the  Nineteenth  Century  (Clement  &  Hutton) 

Art  in  America — Before  the  Revolution  (Edwin  Swift  Balch) 

Bulletins  of  the  Worcester  Museum  of  Art 

Catalogue  of  the  Hudson-Fulton  Celebration  at  the  Metropolitan  Mu- 
seum of  Art,  1909 

Catalogue  of  the  Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art 

Catalogue  of  the  Exhibition  of  Early  American  Paintings,  1917  (Museum 
of  the  Brooklyn  Institute  of  Arts  and  Sciences) 

Catalogue  of  the  Works  of  Art  of  New  York  City,  1909 

Cyclopaedia  of  Painters  and  Painting  (Chaplin  &  Perkins) 

Copley  by  Frank  W.  Bayley 

Copley  by  Augustus  T.  Perkins 

Copley  by  Martha  Babcock  Amory 

Dictionary  of  National  Biography  (Edited  by  Sidney  Lee) 

Dictionary  of  Universal  Biography  (Hyamson) 

Dictionary  of  Painters  and  Engravers  (Bryan) 

Dictionnaire  des  Peintres,  Sculpteurs,  Graveurs  and  Dessinateurs  (E. 
Benezit) 

Dictionnaire  Repertoire  des  Peintres  (Mme.  Isabelle  Errera),  1913 

History  of  the  Arts  of  Design  (William  Dunlap) 

History  of  American  Art  (S.  Hartmann) 

History  of  American  Painting  (Samuel  Isham) 

Historical  Reference  Book  (Louis  Heilprin) 

Kunstler  Lexikon  (Thieme-Becker) 

Kunstler  Lexikon  (Nagler) 

Little  Known  Early  American  Portrait  Painters  (Frank  W.  Bayley) 

National  Academy  of  Design  (Cummings) 

National  Cyclopaedia  of  American  Biography  (James  T.  White  &  Co.) 

Outlines  of  the  History  of  Painting  (Edmund  von  Mach) 

Pennsylvania  Academy  of  Fine  Arts  (Helen  W.  Henderson) 

Tuckerman's  Book  of  the  Artists 

Works  of  American  Artists  in  the  Collection  of  Herbert  L.  Pratt  (Charles 
Henry  Hart) 


176 


*Book  arranged  by  W.  A.  'Bradley,  Tale  University 
'Press,  J\Vi£;  Haven,  and  printed  by  ZN^or  man  T.  A. 
cs?  (Company,  Baltimore 


University  of  California 

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